How to Use an AED on a Child in a Cardiac Emergency

✔ The Importance of Early Defibrillation

When a child is unresponsive and not breathing normally, early defibrillation can be lifesaving. Using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is safe, simple, and significantly improves survival rates.

✔ Initial Steps Before Using an AED

Before applying an AED, follow these critical steps:

• Check for safety: Ensure the area is safe before approaching the child.
• Assess responsiveness: Gently tap the child and call their name.
• Open the airway: Tilt the head back slightly and check for normal breathing for no longer than 10 seconds.
• Call 999 or 112: If the child is not breathing normally, immediately request an AED and begin CPR.

✔ Performing CPR on a Child

If the child is unresponsive and not breathing:

1. Deliver five rescue breaths first.
2. Begin 30 chest compressions, pressing one-third the depth of the chest at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute (around two per second).
3. Continue with a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths until the AED arrives.

✔ Applying an AED to a Child

Once the AED arrives, follow these steps:

• Turn on the AED and follow the voice or visual prompts.
• Use the child mode: If the child is under 8 years old or weighs less than 25kg, select the child setting on the AED.
• Apply the AED pads: If paediatric pads are available, use them. If not, apply adult pads in the correct child positioning:
• For smaller children, place one pad on the centre of the chest and one pad on the back.
• For larger children, place one pad on the upper right chest and one pad on the lower left ribcage.

✔ AED Shock and Further CPR

Once the AED pads are in place:

• The AED will analyse the heart rhythm. Ensure no one is touching the child.
• If a shock is needed, ensure everyone is clear and press the shock button if prompted (some AEDs will deliver the shock automatically).
• After the shock, immediately resume CPR, starting with chest compressions.

✔ When to Stop CPR

Continue CPR and follow the AED’s instructions until:

• The child starts breathing normally.
• Emergency services arrive and take over.
• A healthcare professional advises you to stop.

✔ AEDs Are Safe and Easy to Use

Using an AED requires no special training. Acting quickly and following the voice prompts can give a child the best possible chance of survival. Stay calm and trust the AED to guide you.